The skill behind club passing is not in your catching but in your throwing. You should not have to move your hand to catch the club (I know this sounds strange), the club should thud into your hand.
You should stand roughly a meter and 1/2 away from each other (This is mainly down to personal preference, so find the distance that suits you).
Practice by throwing clubs at each other (one club at a time) until the throws come relatively easily. At first you might have to be a little bit lenient and move your hand to catch the other persons throws but if it means moving your hand a lot don't bother
NOTE : IT'S BEST IF YOU USE YOUR RIGHT HAND TO DO YOUR THROWING WITH AS MOST PEOPLE ARE RIGHT HANDED
When you think you have the throws right get 2 clubs each, who ever is going to start takes 1 more club.
NOTE : START JUGGLING WITH A THROW TO THE OTHER PERSON, THIS IS NOT IMPORTANT AT THIS STAGE BUT LATER ON IT WILL HELP YOU KEEP IN TIME.
When a person has only 2 clubs they stand and wait for the person with 3 to pass them one. If you count with the throws it will make it easier, the count you have to do is.
1, 2, 3, Throw or Self, Self, Self, Throw.
The self is a throw to your self and the throw is the throw you do to your partner. When you have mastered passing the club between you both then your ready for all 6 clubs.
To start with 6 clubs place two clubs in your right hand and one in your left. So you both know when to start you can either count in 1, 2, 3, throw or you can raise your hands and swing down then forward then throw. This is just so that you will both keep in time with each other and both know when to throw the first club.
NOTE : REMEMBER TO COUNT!!!
NOTE : IMAGINE TRAM LINES, BECAUSE THAT'S HOW YOUR CLUBS SHOULD BEHAVE. NOT GOING IN TO THE MIDDLE OR ACROSS THE PATTERN BUT IN PERFECTLY STRAIT LINES FROM YOUR HAND TO YOUR PARTNERS.